KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE OF PREGNANT WOMEN ABOUT URINARY INCONTINENCE: OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Gabriela Lima Ribeiro; Mariana Luisa Veras  Firmiano; Camila Teixeira Moreira  Vasconcelos; José Ananias  Vasconcelos Neto; Maria Helena Baena de Moraes  Lopes; Ana Kelve de Castro Damasceno

Authors

Gabriela Lima Ribeiro Universidade Federal do Ceará – Faculdade de Farmácia, Odontologia e Enfermagem – Departamento de Enfermagem – Fortaleza/Ceará – Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0599-3278
Mariana Luisa Veras Firmiano Universidade Federal do Ceará – Complexo Hospitalar – Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares – Fortaleza/Ceará, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3492-7595
Camila Teixeira Moreira Vasconcelos Universidade Federal do Ceará – Faculdade de Farmácia, Odontologia e Enfermagem – Departamento de Enfermagem – Fortaleza/Ceará – Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4578-4657
José Ananias Vasconcelos Neto Universidade Estadual de Campinas – Faculdade de Enfermagem – Departamento de Enfermagem – Campinas, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6784-5970
Maria Helena Baena de Moraes Lopes Universidade Estadual de Campinas – Faculdade de Enfermagem – Departamento de Enfermagem – Campinas, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7747-1140
Ana Kelve de Castro Damasceno Universidade Federal do Ceará – Faculdade de Farmácia, Odontologia e Enfermagem – Departamento de Enfermagem – Fortaleza/Ceará – Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4690-9327

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of pregnant women about urinary incontinence (UI), identify the prevalence of UI, assess its impact on quality of life (QoL) and identify factors associated with inadequate KAP in relation to UI. Methodology: Observational study carried out from May to November 2019 in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Two instruments were used for data collection: one for sociodemographic, obstetric and urinary loss assessment and another for KAP assessment on UI. Results: 237 pregnant women participated. The prevalence of UI was 49.3% and a low impact on QoL was observed. Most had knowledge (89.6%) and inadequate practice both to prevent (89.2%) and to treat (78.8%). Low percentages of correct answers were identified related to knowledge about risk factors (46.8%), prevention (43.8%) and treatment of UI (42.8%). Despite this, the attitude was considered adequate for most women (98.5%). Absence of guidance on preparation of the
perineum for childbirth during prenatal care (p = 0.019), low education (p < 0.001), milder cases of UI (p = 0.027) and high-risk pregnancy (p = 0.004) were associated with inappropriate practice. Conclusions: knowledge about the causes, prevention and treatment of UI is insufficient and interferes with the management of this condition.

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